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[citation needed]. . In the year 64 of the Common Era, the Great Fire of Rome devastated large parts of the imperial city. Life behind a citys walls when the Assyrian army drew close was terrifying. This method of torture was executed in several ways, like; Tying the victim to a pole and peeling his facial skin first, or submerging the victim in boiling water before the flaying. The act of inflicting physical or psychological pain upon an individual, torture has served both a human as well as a judicial function since our earliest emergence into recorded history. Through the midst of that city I dug canals, I flooded its site with water, and the very foundations thereof I destroyed. Then the rest would be scattered about the country. The namesake for this torture was the Christian martyr, Saint Catherine. under the powerful northern Mesopotamian state of Mitanni, Assyria's fortunes revived in the reign of Ashur-uballit I (1365-1330 B.C.). The Assyrians The Appalling Lords of Torture | Lessons from History Write Sign up Sign In 500 Apologies, but something went wrong on our end. Eventually, depending on the strength of the individual, the victim would be unable to maintain the required position any longer and the pyramidal tip of the chair would begin to impale their anus. The ribs are then detached from the backbone. scalping). Unknown to him, she was sacrificed, with the priest appearing during the festival dinner wearing her skin as part of the ritual. Then, in the third year, they would be allowed to live with their familiesbefore starting the cycle again. When it comes to psychological warfare in the form of sheer brutality, impalement wasn't the only thing the ancient Assyrians turned tothey had other methods of scaring the life out of their neighbors. In the medieval ages, torture was used to punish heretical behavior and sexual offenders. This usually results in lacerations, infection, and scarring, since the ships hull is covered in barnacles. Impalement was the act of penetrating a sharp stake through the body. Appearing in civilizations around the world, two primary purposes recur as the motivations behind the practice: human sacrifice and criminal punishment. The Rassam cylinder in the British Museum describes this: Their corpses they hung on stakes, they took off their skins and covered the city wall with them.[3]. Regarding the latter, it has been claimed the Vestal Virgins of Rome faced immurement should they break their vows of chastity as a trial by ordeal to prove devotion. When they came to your town, the men at the gates were vicious and battle-hardened. Abstract and Figures. Assyrian International News Agency Books Online www.aina.org. Wikimedia Commons. The early Assyrians were a warrior society. The Church used torture to force others to convert to Christianity and because the Church used torture, government authorities used the same means too. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 They seized my feet and said: If it pleases you, kill! Brewer (2012), Crucifixion in Antiquity: An Inquiry into the Background and Significance of the New Testament Terminology of Crucifixion. Known to have been used as a punishment prior to the Roman civilization, appearing in ancient Persia, Macedon, and Carthage, Alexander the Great famously order the crucifixions of 2,000 survivors of the siege of Tyre in 332 BCE. This is often referred to as flaying alive. Also, their land was a geographical passage for various armies marching towards their enemies on the way. Individuals locked into the device would find themselves unable to eat, sleep, or even lie down. A military culture. And the lungs would be ripped out and spread over the ribs, making them look like wings. Flaying of humans is used as a method of torture or execution, depending on how much of the skin is removed. Among the alleged cruelties bestowed upon these religious minorities was the so-called Roman Candle. Gradually declining, by 1813 the practice started to be outlawed, with the last known execution by the wheel known to have occurred taking place in Prussia in 1841. Equally, in 1675 the Sikh martyr Bhai Dayala was subjected to boiling after refusing to convert to Islam; according to legend, as he burned Dayala calmly recited Sikh scripture. xb```b``Ig`a`Qgb@ !+s\bQRR; Make peace with me and come out to me! the envoy called out. Instituted as the legal penalty for men convicted of high treason in 1352, although existing unofficially since the reign of Henry III, the condemned man would suffer a litany of successive violations, humiliations, and pains before his eventual death. The victim would . In this method, the victim is stripped naked and tied down to the ground. Wikimedia Commons. (AFP/GETTY IMAGES). However, a 2008 Mythbusters investigation verified that bamboo shoots can penetrate several inches of ballistic gelatin (comparable in strength to the human skin) in less than three days. "Assad's forces detained me, my four siblings and other men in the village. They described hearing and seeing ghosts talking to them, who would be the ghosts of people theyd killed in battle, says Professor Jamie Hacker Hughes. As the device was manipulated, it would slowly but surely shred the breast apart rendering it useless. The Assyrian Tragedy. Lewandowski, Herv. It was a widespread method which was implemented and documented in various accounts. 0000025862 00000 n Activists are now calling on Congress to place more sanctions . Suspending the individual by a rope attached to the wrists, with weights added, if necessary, to increase the pain. Murderers were handed over to the victims family, who were free to do with them as they willed. Before the battle began, people would often be given a chance to surrender. is known as the Neo-Assyrian period, during which the empire reached its zenith. 10. G*0 oAsvHkj]YK Ay$^i-:Gb&@SubuQ~ay@$": 1O4=z+088r"YWv;V?Ry6UR=r? But if not, the executioner would proceed with the second act, which is braiding the convicts broken body into another wheel. The captives I have killed by the sword and flung on the dung heap. The condemned sailors limbs would be tied and he would be repeatedly plunged beneath the ships keel on one side and hoisted up on the other. It was one of the ideas that made Assyria so strong. Accordingly, depending on the whims of the torturer, weights might be added to the legs of the victim to hasten their demise. [6] The Hongwu Emperor flayed many servants, officials and rebels. As a form of punishment, crucifixion exists still today, notably in Saudi Arabia and Iran, where the most recent known occurrences of crucifixion occurred as recently as the early 2000s. In the second year, they would go out to war. Accused of attending anti-regime protests, al-Drubi, 42, was detained in 2012. During the American Revolutionary War, both Loyalists and Patriots were recorded as inflicting the punishment upon their opponents. The executioner would then use a large wooden spiked wheel to mutilate the convicts body, starting from his legs. After llas capture at York in 867, they caused the bloody eagle to be carved on the back of lla, and they cut away all of the ribs from the spine, and then they ripped out his lungs. The rocks were to be used to build palaces and wonders for the kings, and the slaves couldnt stop for a moment. Although people think that torture is an effective method, because of Applebaum's successful use of logos, diction . This was the fate of the rebellious Israelites of the Northern . 0000001500 00000 n "Torture and the . 10 Times Britain Was Successfully Invaded, Top 10 Must-See Recent Genre-Defying Horrors, The Listverse Compendium Of 113 Halloween Horrors, 10 Men Suspected Of Being Jack The Ripper (Who, 10 Ways Being Attractive Can Work Against You, 10 People Who Willingly Returned To Being Prisoners, Bizarre Police Vehicles That Are Actually Being Used, 8 Dark Facts About Being Single, And Why You Really, 10 Controversial Toys You Might Already Have in Your Home, Ten Absolutely Vicious Fights over Inherited Fortunes, 10 Female Film Pioneers Who Shaped the Movies, Ten True Tales from Americas Toughest Prison, 10 Times Members of Secretive Societies and Organizations Spilled the Beans, 10 Common Idioms with Unexpectedly Dark Origins, 10 North American Animals with Misplaced Reputations, eat their own excrement and drink their own urine, necklaces with their kings heads on them, 10 Forgotten Battles That Changed World History, 10 Stages in the History of Drinking Parties, 10 Letters From Everyday People On The Other Side Of History, 10 Eccentric Ways To Obtain A Medal Of Honor. The men of Assyrian army reported experiences that modern psychologists say show wide-spread symptoms of post-traumatic stress. The Assyrian population grew around the region known as Mesopotamia in modern-day Iraq. The article "Grisly Assyrian Record of Torture and Death" by Erika Bleibtreu gives an insight into the ways of the Assyrian military campaigns and battles. In many recorded instances, the breast would be ripped clean off, along with a substantial portion of the upper torso, resulting in near-instant death. The Catherine Wheel, or the Breaking Wheel, was a method used for public execution through the Middle Ages, with the last known execution believed to have taken place in Prussia in 1841. These horrific and brutal images would surly make any enemy fear the wrath of Lagash. Centuries later, the Roman Emperor Hadrian reputedly used such a device to torture and kill Christians. Method of slow and painful execution in which skin is removed from the body, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRassam_Cylinder._The_British_Museum.636BC (, Htel Terminus: The Life and Times of Klaus Barbie, Rassam Cylinder. The earliest recorded instances of intentional live burials date from 212 BCE in China, where, during the persecution of subversives by the first Emperor Qin Shi Huang, approximately 460 Confucian scholars were buried alive. In some accounts, there were cuts that numbered to 100 (Yuan Dynasty) and some were over 3,000 (Ming Dynasty). Sometimes, they got creative. Appearing repeatedly throughout modern popular film, television, and literature, rat torture is an especially cruel method of punishment. This excruciating method has been used throughout history ever since then, and probably before as well. Diederik Sonoy, an ally of the revolts leader, William of Orange, allegedly used pottery bowls filled with rats to enact the torture and elicit information. You are here: Home Ancient Punishment Ancient Torture Illustration of Assyrians Torturing Their Captives. Though other methods of torture were used, Vlad III has been mostly associated with impalement, earning him the title Vlad the Impaler. But some argue that there was a degree of dismemberment, and there were times when the subsequent cuts were carried out after the victims death as a form of public humiliation. The ultimately fatal fires were started from the feet, in order to prolong the suffering for those so condemned. The victim would be forced to ingest milk and honey, eventually causing diarrhea. The miseries of war: No. to deny an afterlife); sometimes the skin is used, again for deterrence, esoteric/ritualistic purposes, etc. If you think you can handle it, then heres a list of ancient torture methods thatll be sure to make your toes curl. Whilst flaying after death has been historically recorded, typically as a means of debasing the enemys honor and reserved for instances such as criminality, the predominant occurrences took place during life. Here are our sources: Japanese Torture Techniques, BBC (August 8, 2005), The Rise of the Dutch Republic, John Lothrop Motley, Bickers & Son (1883), The Pictorial History of England, George Lillie Craik and Charles McFarlane, Nabu Press (2010), Medieval Punishments: An Illustrated History of Torture, William Andrews, Skyhorse Publishing (2013), The Big Book of Pain: Torture & Punishment Through History, Mark P. Donnelly and Daniel Diehl, History Press Limited (2011), Amazing True Stories of Execution Blunders: Ghastly Blunders on the Scaffold, Geoffrey Abbott, Summersdale Publishing (2006), A Draft of the 1531 Acte for Poysoning', K.J. Known to have occurred as early as 2500 BCE, with archaeological evidence in the Sumerian city of Ur depicting the practice, it was also a prominent feature of early imperial China. Originally used by the Spanish Inquisition and other Holy Orders of the Middle Ages as part of interrogations, including against legendary Italian author Niccol Machiavelli in 1513, the practice endured well into the Modern Age. Ormerod, Dorset Press (1987), Von Ursprung des Schindens in Assyrien, Ernst G. Jung, in Kleine Kultrugeschichte der Haut, Spring Verlag (2007), Buried Alive: The Terrifying History of Our Most Primal Fear, Jan Bondeson, W.W. Norton & Company (2002), Vampires, Burial and Death: Folklore and Reality, Paul Barber University Press (1988), Crucifixion in Antiquity: An Inquiry into the Background and Significance of the New Testament Terminology of Crucifixion, Gunnar Samuelsson, Mohr Siebeck Publishing (2013), Crucifixion in the Roman World: The Use of Nails at the Time of Christ, John C. Robison, Studia Antiqua (June 2002), Death by a Thousand Cuts, Timothy Brook, Jerome Bourgon, and Gregory Blue, Harvard University Press (2008), The Cambridge Ancient History: Assyria and Babylon, c. 1370-1300 B.C., C.J. They invented the battering ram, a device that would have seemed completely unstoppable in their time. Appearing just twice in Norse literature, although popularized subsequently in European mythology, it remains a matter of historic debate whether the blood eagle was a literal procedure or rather a product of allegorical exaggeration not uncommon to the Sagas. The Assyrians were known for being very barbaric when it came to torturing slaves and prisoners of war. Similarly, and more in line with modern representations, occurred during the Dutch Revolt (1568-1648). Should the victim fall asleep or allow their head to droop, then the sharp prongs would begin to pierce their throat and neck. He would then be planted straight on the ground and left for exposure. BCE) detailing the punishment of impalement for women convicted of murdering her husband. A ritualized method of torture and execution, the Viking practice of the blood eagle stands among the most brutal and controversial of historical tortures. Ancient Torture. In the first year, they would build roads, bridges, and great projects to build up their strength and the strength of the empire. Vikings discovering North America. Thats exactly the experience of modern-day soldiers whove been involved in close hand-to-hand combat.. Wikimedia Commons. Exported by Europeans during the Age of Exploration, this method of torture is documented as occurring as far away as French-controlled Louisiana and in British-controlled India during the 18th century. A criminal was locked inside the device via a door on its side and a fire was then lit underneath, slowly burning. Overhead, the men inside the engine were protected by wooden plates covered in damp animal skins that put out the flaming arrows the defenders fired from above. 0 The practice of flaying was popularized under the Neo-Assyrian Empire during the 9th century BCE, with carvings dating to the reign of Ashurnasirpal II (r. 883-859 BCE) depicting the gruesome details. [00aR/NU(=PpF Behind them, slave masters were always watching, ready to beat anyone who slacked. In the past, rulers also included these extra elements of punishment to turn executions into spectacles. His website is regularly updated with everything he writes. Keelhauling was an official punishment in the Dutch Navy, although only rarely enforced due to its harsh nature. As the Assyrian Empire grew, they built a standing army. When the Assyrian king Seenacherib invaded Babylon, he wiped them off the map. Torturers would then use knives to make cuts on their. Those convicted, commonly murderers and robbers, would be broken by the wheel for their sins, whereupon they were staked out and endured having their limbs broken. Instead, asphyxiation is the most common cause of death in live burials, with the individual, unless carefully buried, unable to breathe. Adriana John In 1323, the Mexica tribe asked for Yaocihuatl, daughter of Achicometl, ruler of Culhuacan in marriage. Middle Ages Torture, devices, techniques and facts. Assyrian national history, as it has been preserved for us in inscriptions and pictures, consists almost solely of military campaigns and battles. A pillar of heads I erected in front of the city.. Wikimedia Commons. 0000001458 00000 n Wikimedia Commons. Their kingdom which lasted for some 2000 years in an area (which is now Northern Iraq) had no natural barriers as such to protect their homeland. Wikimedia Commons. Many countries surrendered. Their reputation was so fierce that Jonah fled in fear when God commanded him to speak in Ninevah, Assyria's capital (Jonah 1:1?3).Assyrian soldiers were equipped with the latest weaponry, including barbed arrows, catapults, and siege machines. If our current societies finally consider women as individuals in their own right, this was rarely the case in the past. The fragment above is part of the Stele of Vultures. After Perillos created his device, Phalaris allegedly ordered the engineer demonstrate its effectiveness with his own flesh. For example, Neo-Assyrian kings used it to punish rebel leaders. Most famously, bamboo torture was alleged to have been used during World War II by the Japanese Empire against Allied prisoners of war. Once the victim was contained within, a fire would be lit beneath, heating the metal until either death or release. Often, but not always used as a method of execution, the prisoner is left for an indefinite period of time to suffer from starvation and dehydration whilst trapped in isolation and darkness. Medium.com, Vestal Virgins: Chaste keepers of the flame, Melissa Dowling, Biblical Archaeological Society (2001), Rethinking Nero, BYROBERT DRAPER. In the sixth season of the television series, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 13:11. updated March 31, 2020, 8:32 pm, by Ernst G. Jung, in his Kleine Kulturgeschichte der Haut ("A short cultural history of the skin"), provides an essay in which he outlines the Neo-Assyrian tradition of flaying human beings. empires.. Assyria was located in the northern part of Mesopotamia, which corresponds to most parts of modern-day Iraq as well as parts of Iran . It should be noted, nevertheless, that the Dutch did not intend the practice to be fatal and allowed for respites in the torture to recover. The former, a bi-pronged fork attached to a belt around the victims neck, unflinchingly secured the angle of the head. He would be left to float on a pond, with his accumulated feces and honey-covered body attracting insects which would eat and breed within his exposed flesh. Commonly resulting in the dislocation of the arms and shoulders, the longer-term effects of the method are less visible, causing lifelong nerve, ligament, and tendon damage leading to potential paralysis. From Ashurnasirpal II:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, I have made a pillar facing the city gate, and have flayed all the rebel leaders; I have clad the pillar in the flayed skins. . Where do we find this stuff? Flaying of humans is used as a method of torture or execution, depending on how much of the skin is removed. Upon reaching the location, he would be hung almost to the moment of death. It shows the decapitated heads of the enemy Ummite soldiers being carried away by vultures. All of Assyria was subject to their resettlement policy, which uprooted whole families and moved them across the country. Assyrian relics also depict two types of executions: piercing through the chest and through the anus. Assyrian torture method. An illustration of execution by breaking wheel in Augsburg, Bavaria (c. 1586). With the practice gradually watered down due to public opposition to its brutality, it was eventually abolished entirely in 1870. A dead animal may be flayed when preparing it to be used as human food, or for its hide or fur. Neros Torches, depicting the martyrdom of a group of early Christians in Rome, by Henryk Siemiradzki (c. 1876). February 1934. A Breast Ripper, on display at a torture museum in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Wrttemberg, Germany (c. 15th century). Wikimedia Commons. He wrote, I hung the heads of the kings upon the shoulders of their nobles, and with singing and music I paraded.. The people of a conquered nation would be spread about the kingdom, living alongside of people from foreign lands instead of their own countrymen to keep them packing together and staging a revolt. Both were commonly inscribed with the Latin phrase abiruo I recant: an objective often achieved due to the eventual breaking of the subjects will. Of those, at least 173 were children, 46 were women. This torture method apparently had a long tradition in Scandinavia and a couple of direct accounts were mentioned in old skaldic poems. x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@t`q2&6ZL?_yxg)zLU*uSkSeO4?c. R -25 S>Vd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L` "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B- As both accounts were written many years after the events detailed, their veracity cannot be fully ascertained. *H{kI)-wr`-4'DL Xoi)0Mo)ls}T[3 t0p`CF/.Dr7!aLpjBO*\NbaosG.^({B$JGfWtf}-GQEN]3;TFyebpn$D. 0000001020 00000 n This is more commonly called skinning. The method was reborn during the modern age across Latin America, with its use recorded under the military dictatorships of Brazil, Chile, and Argentina. As a method of both torture and execution, impalement consists of the aggressive penetration of victims by a pole. The methods interpretation was that the skin of the victims back was flayed and pried open like wings. The city and its houses, from its foundations to its top, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire, Seenacherib declared. Thereafter, his head, hands, and feet, were left outside the boats, whilst the remainder of his person was contained within the floating prison. The Assyrian Empire started off as a major regional power in Mesopotamia in the second millennium B.C.E., but later grew in size and stature in the first millennium B.C.E. The sketch is from a wall relief depicting the Assyrians torturing their captives. And some sent tributes to Assyria before they ever looked their way, surrendering before theyd even approached to keep them away. 0000006301 00000 n xbbc`b``3 A-` 4-r Sometimes, the Assyrian army didnt stop at killing their enemies. The victim was forced to carry their crossbeam to the place of public execution, weighing an estimated 100 lbs, where they would be displayed. I let the leaders of the conquered cities be flayed, and clad the city walls with their skins. In contrast to common depiction, most crucifixions did not involve the nailing of the victims hands or feet to the cross. It is unclear whether keelhauling was a common practice during the ancient world. There were no accurate details of how this method of execution was carried out. The victim would either be rocked or dropped repeatedly onto the device, and the torture would usually be prolonged into several days. The use of rats in this manner is believed to have originated in Europe, with two variants of the practice emerging concurrently. Trapping a condemned prisoner, the individual would be force-fed milk and honey as well as coated in the foodstuffs. That meant being skinned alive, having noses and ears chopped off, and whatever torments they could imagine. An envoy would ride up to the city walls, knowing the fear the people there already felt, and would promise them that if they bowed down and paid tribute to Assyria, they would be allowed to live. 0000000689 00000 n The most recent confirmed case occurred in New Jersey in 2010, when David Wax threatened a kidnap victim with rat torture. Assyrian society was entirely military, with men obliged to fight in the army at any time. I flayed many right through my land and draped their skins over the walls, he boasts in one. His writing also appears on a number of other sites, including The Onion's StarWipe and Cracked.com. Keelhauling, taking its name from the Dutch Kielhalen meaning to drag along the keel, was a torturous punishment inflicted upon sailors whilst at sea. Gadd, Cambridge University Press (1965), Viking atrocity and Skaldic verse: The Rite of the Blood Eagle, Roberta Frank, English Historical Review (1984), Torture and Brutality in Medieval Literature: Negotiations of National Identity, Larissa Tracy, D.S. The practice is known to have occurred in extreme instances in Japan, where, during the 16th century, the bandit Ishikawa Goemon, along with his entire family, were boiled alive in a giant bathtub as punishment for the failed assassination of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The society also used torture to persecute others for their religious affiliations. Every person watching their chariots approach would know that, compared to the fate the Assyrian army brought, death would be a relief. Allegedly originating in Ceylon, with the first recorded account of bamboo torture stemming from a Madras civilian traveling during the 1820s in India, similar depictions have survived from throughout the region. Spreading far beyond the borders of Europe, the strappado was employed during the Salem Witch Trials in 1692. As noted, the length of time before an individual would be impaled varied significantly. This article has been adapted from its original source. After the collapse of the Akkadians, Assyria gradually emerged as an independent political power around the 14th century BCE. and there were a lot of them. 4. I burned their adolescent boys and girls. updated November 28, 2017, 8:39 pm, by Immurement, derived from the later im in and murus wall, literally comprises the entombing of an individual inside a wall or enclosed space without means of exit. The sailor would be tied to a rope that encircled the underside of the ship, whereupon, being thrown overboard, they would be dragged underneath the ship and along the keel to emerge on the other side. A ritualized method of torture and execution, the Viking practice of the "blood eagle" stands among the most brutal and controversial of historical tortures. Attached to a spiked wall, the unfortunate woman would be attached to the mechanism and pulled along by her breasts until they were torn from her. Made from iron and heated to ensure an easier tear, the spikes of the ripper would be attached to a convicted womans breast. After the hell that women of all eras have suffered after wars, they and their children would be led off into slavery. Reserved, unlike many of the items appearing on this list, exclusively for women, the device was predominantly employed against those persons accused of adultery or abortion. Several English writers during the 17th century recorded keelhauling on naval ships; however, there remains no formal note of these actions in the ships logs. Entering Europe and becoming a popular punishment for collaboration during the Thirty Years War, Vlad III of Wallachias impalement of more than 20,000 individuals earned him his immortality as Dracula. The method consisted of trapping the victim in the space between two small boats or two hollowed-out tree trunks and force-feeding them milk and honey over the course of a few days until the person died. Others went further. The judges of ancient Babylon were particularly enthusiastic. Today, the term Roman Candle refers to a type of Chinese firework that became popular in Western Europe during the Italian Renaissance. HWF}Wc/ v2`L&_Tu1M*$qt{o_|eo? and remained in use up to the 19th century. Gradually, his body was consumed after seventeen days of being eaten from both within and without. They'd cut off the tongues of their captives so their screaming wouldn't be as loud when they were skinned alive. The dermatologist Ernst G. Jung says that the main causes of death due to skinning . If it pleases you, do what you will!. In at least one case, an Assyrian king made the women lift their skirts over their heads and march blindly after their captors. Flaying. Wikimedia Commons. The Ancient Assyrians Flayed Their Enemies To Frighten Them Stone carvings from the time of ancient Assyria around 800 B.C.E. The method can be traced all the way back to 911 BC, where it was practiced by the Neo-Assyrian Empire. The method was done by breaking the criminals bones and bludgeoning them to death. A similar mode of execution was used as late as the early 18th century in France; one such episode is graphically recounted in the opening chapter of Michel Foucault's Discipline and Punish (1979). $iU-PGiSit::")SD.@&qk=mUi/6d07*w` A similar variant of the implement, the Iron Spider, was a less portable alternative. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Some crimes were dealt with in savage ways. He eventually died after two days of being pressed. The Spanish Inquisition, lasting from 1478 until 1834, existed for a sufficiently long period of time to incrementally perfect the art of torture. The victim would suffer hours of agonizing pain as the rats dig a hole through his body, after which he would inevitably die. 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